Purpose: The objective of this study is to explore the structure of psychological factors that affect table tennis performances by verifying the validity of the psychological factors, and to help improve table tennis performances. Methods: Data were collected from 224 players through questionnaires that assessed the psychological factors in table tennis performances. From the collected data, the results were deduced through the verification of question suitability, analysis of credibility, construct validity and concept validity. Results: one question that has high credibility when it is removed was deleted in the verification of question suitability. After exploratory factor analysis for twice on selected 34 questions, total 17 questions were deleted due to less than .30 factor loading. Next, confirmatory factor analysis was done on 17 questions of four factors, and the suitability of the model was verified. The selected final model consists of anxiety and emotion regulation(6 questions), game strategy(4 questions), self-control(4 questions) and confidence(3 questions). The whole credibility of the final model is .906, and each sub-factor’s credibility is .766∼.794, which is a satisfactory level. Lastly, the convergent validity was analyzed for concept validity verification on the model, and the overall results meet the standard, so the concept validity is secured. Conclusion: the structure of psychological factors that can affect table tennis performances is confirmed, and the validity is verified in this study. The results can be used in psychological skills training to improve table tennis performances, along with actual game fields.

Purpose: This study identify the impact of the coach’s tripartite efficacy on their job engagement, coaching satisfaction and adherence intentions, and also reveal differences in coaching career. Methods: To achieve us goal, we surveyed 220 coaches who were coaching athletes. The investigative tools we used are test sites for coach’s tripartite efficacy, job engagement, coaching satisfaction, and adherence intentions, which were modified and used to suit research purposes. Results: First, The self-efficacy, other-efficacy and relation-inferred self-efficacy of coach’s tripartite efficacy had an effect on coach’s job engagement. Second, It has been confirmed that an influential path between coach’s tripartite efficacy, job engagement, coaching satisfaction and adherence intention is formed. third, The influence on the variables of the route formed depending on the coaching career was different. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that the tripartite efficacy and job engagement, including the relationship between the coach and the player, effect the coach’s positive psychology. In addition, it could be predicted that the relationship with the player is important when the coaching experience is high. Follow-up research in this needs to be continued to build practical data for field leaders.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of psychological skills of in-depth interview and training program on the performance of college female tennis players. Methods: The subject of this study was one 20-year-old college freshman with 10 years of experience. Test of performance Strategies, IZOF model, and athletes’ self-management test paper were measured before and after the test. Psychological skill training and in-depth interview were conducted for a total of 8 months from April to December 2019, and the session was 1 session with a total of 18 sessions. It took about 1 hour 1-20 minutes each. Results: First, there was an overall change in the sports performance strategy according to the application of psychological skill training. Specifically, self-talk, automatism, imagery, motivation/motivation, negative thoughts, and relaxation factors were improved. Second, the IZOF model according to the application of psychological skill training has a large score difference, so technical smashing, physical agility, psychological emotion/thought control, tension control, confidence, and fun factors are required for training. hird, the self-management of athletes according to the application of psychological skill training was improved to 13 in the 1st, 20 in the 2nd, and 31 in the 3rd. Fourth, the basis for the change in performance due to the application of psychological skill training was presented based on the games played during April-December 2019. Before training, she placed 2nd in the University Tennis Federation match in March, 2nd place in the Collegiate Tennis Federation doubles match in July, 2nd place in the University Tennis Federation match in September, and 1st place in the mixed doubles at the University Tennis Championships in November. Conclusion: In a follow-up study, if you receive group psychological training and interview with fellow players from the same university or team, it is thought that the players will understand their colleagues, and urthermore, they will understand each other, overcome difficulties, and increase morale.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the irrational beliefs of football players. Methods: In this study, 152 football players were selected as research participants, and football players’ irrational beliefs were derived by open-ended questionnaire and judging whether to adopt irrational beliefs based on previous studies. As a result of the study, 1,064 raw data were collected as the beliefs of football players, and 100 football player beliefs were derived by accumulating frequencies according to the commonality and similarity of meanings. 100 football player beliefs, only beliefs that satisfy all of the criteria, such as whether it is goal-setting rigidity, illogicality and unreality, and the catastrophizing were derived as irrational beliefs. Results: The irrational beliefs of football players are ‘never get injured’, ‘never make a mistake’, ‘never be red carded’, ‘never lose, ‘never lose goal’ ‘must make a goal’, ‘never lose even one goal’, ‘never be meltdown’. Conclusion: It is expected that this study will be used to expand the understanding of beliefs as affect the performance of football players and hope actively discuss the correction of beliefs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze differences in mood conditions and exercise effects among groups and provide basic data on physical activities after Covid-19 by conducting a motion-based VR game program for four weeks. Methods: Physical activity program participants were classified into two groups(Experimental group, 9; Comparison group, 9) by random assignments. Based on the data collected for four weeks, the repeated measures ANOVA(RM ANOVA) method was used to determine the difference in mood state change levels and motor effects between groups. Results: It was found that both groups reduced negative factors in mood and improved positive factors. On the other hand, no significant difference was found between groups. The maximum heart rate and exercise awareness level were significantly reduced, indicating that there was an exercise effect. Conclusion: The above results are significant in that they verified that motion-based VR games lower negative factors of mood and improve positive factors, and that they have a similar level of exercise effect to offline physical activities. motion-based VR games that can be enjoyed alone without time and space constraints are expected to provide optimal user experience as a substitute for physical activities after COVID-19, and customized programs for people with limited physical activities such as disabilities, obesity, and the elderly should be actively developed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of combined exercise program in older adults. Methods: We selected 14 subjects who older adults aged 65∼75, who performed a combined exercise program for 7 older adults and walking exercise for 7 older adults twice a week for 12weeks. We measured pre and post effect of stress and autonomic nervous system activity change. We analyzed data b using the SPSS 23.0 program with t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: It turned out that after the combined exercise belonging to the experimental group showed a significantly increased standard deviation of normal to normal R-R interval (SDNN), total power(TP). Conclusion: Therefore, we propose a combined exercise program as an exercise program to prevent cardiovascular diseases by increasing autonomic nervous system activity in older adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the obstruction of inflow of sports mental coaching from the perspective of college sports leaders. Methods: For this purpose, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 8 college soccer leaders with more than 5 years of coaching experience, and then transcribed and analyzed using an inductive analysis method. Results: As a result of the analysis, it was divided into 3 general areas(the situation you are facing, a sense of disparity between sports psychology and the sports scene, vague fear of mental coaching), and 9 detailed areas(lack of time, lack of economic leeway, lack of environmental leeway: lack of awareness of importance, low priority, lack of information: concerns about the relationship between players and coaches, concerns about the direction of coaching, distrust of effectiveness). Conclusion: Through the results of this study, it was possible to identify the obstacles for the introduction of mental coaching into the field, and this suggested a direction for the revitalization of mental coaching in the future.

Purpose: Purpose: This study examined the chages in athletic identity of Korean female student and professional athletes due to long-term non-participation in competitions. The wide spread of COVID-19 made the table tennis athletes impossible to participate in scheduled competitions more than 11 months. This type of forced non-participation in games for a long period of time was very rare case in recent years. Methods: A total of 65 female high school table tennis student athletes and 35 female professional athletes responded to the athletic identity questionnaire. The were requested to recall the time when they were normally train and participate before the COVID-19. The participants responded to each of the athletic identity item twice: 1) normal participation period before COVID-19 and 2) more than 11 months of non-participation due to the pandemic. Paired t-test and repeated two-way ANOVA were performed. Results: The analyses of the data revealed that although the two groups showed lowered levels of athletic identity, long-term non-participation in competitions lowered athletic identity of the professional players more drastically compared to the student counterparts. The interaction effects were found for all of the subscales of athletic identity (self identity, social identity, exclusivity, positive emotion, and negative emotion). Overall, the student athletes who palyed for the national team showed moderate decreases in athletic identity. For the professinal athletes, the patterns of decreases in athletic idnetity before and after the long non-participation were similar across different status in terms of national team nomination. In conclusion, unintended non-participation in competitions for more than 11 months lowered athltetic identity of the professional table tennis players more deeply compared to the student athletes. Conclusion: In order to prevent negative impact on athletic identity, opportunities for participation in various competitions, even in the form of matches without spectators, are necessary for the high performance athletes.